Document Type : Research paper
Authors
- AliKbar Ebadi 1
- MohammadTaher Hallajian 2
- Maryam Khoshkdaman 3
- Farzad MajidiShilsar 3
- Mohammad Mohammadi 3
1 Rice Research Institute of Iran (RRII), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rasht, Iran.
2 2Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute (NSTRI), Nuclear Agriculture Research School, Karaj, Iran.
3 1Rice Research Institute of Iran (RRII), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rasht, Iran.
Abstract
Iranian local rice cultivars are sensitive to environmental stresses, including water stress, yet they exhibit excellent cooking quality. To introduce a drought-tolerant variety, we first determined the optimal dose of gamma radiation for the Tarom variety, resulting in the formation of a mutant population. Selection was conducted based on drought stress tolerance and other agronomic traits from 2009 to 2011, leading to the identification of 56 promising drought-tolerant mutant lines. Among these, 14 lines were selected based on preliminary evaluations conducted over two years (2012 and 2013) under both normal and drought stress conditions. The stability of these 14 mutant lines was further assessed in three regions—Rasht, Chaparsar, and Fars—during 2014 to 2015. Based on this evaluation, the Kian variety was chosen as the superior line for yield and drought stress tolerance. Kian is also noted for its early maturity and good cooking quality. Agronomic tests determined that applying 90 kg of nitrogen per hectare with a planting distance of 20 x 20 cm was optimal for this variety. In 2017, Kian was cultivated alongside the Hashemi cultivar in three cities of Guilan province on the fields of leading farmers. Results showed that the average grain yield of the Kian variety was 5383 kg/ha under normal conditions and 4093 kg/ha under drought stress, compared to an average yield of 3900 kg/ha for the Hashemi cultivar under normal conditions. The growth period from sowing to maturity ranged from 99-109 days for Kian, while it was 112-114 days for Hashemi.
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